Data analysis. What’s the point of it? Your first reaction might be
to scoff at, or dismiss this question as rhetorical, perhaps
pointless. But answer it anyway.

We analyze data to gain a clearer picture. To understand what raw
quantitative masses of information mean – how it relates to, and
impacts upon, real-world activities. In the enterprise, we use data
analysis to uncover trends and manage processes, to gain an up-to-date
‘360-degree view’ of critical business functions. We then apply that
knowledge to underpin prudent, timely, accurate and vital decision-
making.

But how do we convey the results of this valuable data analysis? How
do you unlock its potential power? We use Business Intelligence
(BI). We then consume and share this analysis through data
visualization.

If the point of collecting, collating and ultimately analyzing data is
to help make better decisions, it can be successfully and definitively
argued that the success of any business analytics initiative resides
in the quality and aptness of the visual representation of
organizational data assets.

So what happens when data visualization fails to communicate the right
information in the right way?


Data visualizations: When only the most appropriate, not the ‘best’,
will do

In a recent blog post – Business Intelligence: Intuitive vs cool data
visualization and infographics – we discussed data visualizations in
the context of appearance and appropriateness. The conclusion was
that, due to a plethora of contributing factors, including vendor hype
and increased business-user contribution in the purchase decision,
many BI or data analysis tools are now purchased for their aesthetic
appeal (pretty shapes and colors), rather than their ability to most
effectively deliver the best business insights.

Not only can this modern addiction to the sleek and sometimes
superficial affect the initial purchase decision, this mindset can
place corporate data analysis in a long-term straitjacket. Users of
all types will be tempted to dazzle colleagues and clients with
impressive looking 3D multi-pie charts and animated graphs to the
detriment of the data analysis – The chart, rather than the data,
becomes the star of the show. For best practice data analysis, the
visualization of that data should only support and facilitate
understanding, never distract or detract from it.

As noted in the aforementioned blog post, the 2002 publication,
Information Visualization in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery,
laments that: “Data visualization has lagged its sister disciplines of
data capture, data storage, data analysis, and knowledge discovery…
there is still a huge gap between our ability to extract answers and
our ability to present the information in meaningful ways.”

The book goes on to define the principle function of data
visualization in stark, uncompromising terms:

“Visualization, well done, harnesses the perceptual capabilities of
humans to provide visual insight into data… (it is) fundamentally
about data reduction… Finding a view or projection of the data that
reduces complexity while capturing important information.

“A successful visualization is one that emphasizes the information of
interest and presents it at a resolution sufficient to perform the
task.”

We asked whether most visualizations of corporate data lived up to
this unwavering, heady definition. Unfortunately, the answer was a
fairly resounding no.


Yellowfin 5.2: Helping you have your pretty cake and successfully eat
it too

At Yellowfin, we’ve just launched the new release of our BI solution –
Yellowfin 5.2: Making Business Intelligence even easier – in a
celebratory series of webinars. View the webinar on-demand here.

This release furthers our position as the world’s easiest-to-use,
deploy, integrate and embed BI solution. Amongst other additions and
enhancements, a major focus of the upcoming release has been on making
data analysis easier, to give users of all types access to better
business insights, via a range of new highly intuitive analytical
visualizations.

These new chart types hold notable visual appeal, but this was not our
first priority. Our primary aim is to make data analysis easier and
more insightful.


Making data analysis easier: Delivering better insights to everyone
with new intuitive analytical visualizations

Yellowfin 5.2’s new chart types, including Box and Whisker, Trellis,
Histograms as well as Heat maps, make the implications of data
analysis easier for everyone to understand and act on. New HTML 5
integration also provides interactive rollovers for Yellowfin’s range
of data visualizations and includes enhanced chart tool tips.
Improved tool tips enables users to quickly, accurately and
effortlessly interpret particular trends or aspects of a data set, to
transform analysis into understanding and then steadfast action.
Yellowfin 5.2 is making data analysis easier by empowering everyone
with deeper insights via new highly intuitive analytical
visualizations.

Stay tuned for part two of this blog entry for a shortlist of
effective data visualization rules.


Effective data visualization rules

So how can you ensure that you select the best visualizations to
expose the value in your data sets?

Just remember this shortlist of data analysis and data visualization
best practices when selecting and assessing a BI solution, or when
selecting which chart type to use for your next report or dashboard:

• Ensure that the visualizations add to the effective interpretation
and explanation of the underlying data – can you understand the
communicated information without undue strain?
• Ensure the visualizations enable the effective detection of trends
that can be easily connected to real world events to help explain
relationships and interrelationships
• Color is critical: Use it appropriately and minimally to maximize
its impact
• Ensure the visualization chosen helps position the report or
dashboard as a piece of consumable communication – it must convey a
clear, relevant idea/message
o Keep the audience and their intended application of the data
analysis top-of-mind – chart types should be selected for purpose, not
just appeal
• Display numbers in textual form whenever possible
• Choose the most basic visualization available that can effectively
convey the intended message. Research demonstrates that the more
visual objects the human brain has to interpret within a chart, the
harder it is to derive clear meaning from it
o Follow the advice of Edward Tufte in his renowned The Visual Display
of Quantitative Information: Remove anything that isn’t absolutely
central to the interpretation of the data. Only display objects which
are vital to the accurate interpretation and contextual understanding
of the underlying data – avoid all design aspects that are unconnected
to the task of analytic communication (Yes, avoid those abovementioned
3D multi-pie charts whenever possible)
o Avoid the use of tables for data comparison and beware of redundant
gridlines – they distract the eye
• Moving features are good and bad. They grasp the attention of
users, but if too overt, can distract from other important
information. So stick to the basics, such as minimalist roll-overs or
pop-ups


The key to effective data visualization, analysis and deeper
insights? Make it easy by keeping it simple

At Yellowfin, we’ve always said that the key to an effective BI
program is sustained widespread user-adoption. Why? Because
widespread user-adoption enables you to derive value from the project
and realize superior Return on Investment (ROI). High levels of
sustainable user-adoption are achieved by making BI easy – easy-to-
use, consume and deliver to end-users. The product must make it
easier for users of all types to perform their daily and strategic job
functions. Good data visualizations achieve this by making data
interpretation quick and easy, delivering deeper, better business
insights. Poor data visualizations, that are misleading and turn data
interpretation into a burdensome process, result in user drop-off,
misunderstandings, less accurate and timely results, and failed ROI.

When considering data visualization best practices, just think of the
founding American computer scientist, Calvin Northrup Mooers, and his
famous Mooers’ Law of 1959:

“An information retrieval system will tend not to be used whenever it
is more painful and troublesome for a customer to have information
than for him not to have it.

“Where an information retrieval system tends not to be used, a more
capable information retrieval system may tend to be used even less.”
What good is something (or ANYTHING for that matter) if you’re not
using it?

Also, take heed of the irreverent modern-day data visualization expert
and aficionado, Stephen Few, and his philosophy espoused in
Information Dashboard Design: The Effective Visual Communication of
Data:

“An effective dashboard [or report] is the product not of cute gauges,
meters, and traffic lights, but rather of informed design: more
science than art, more simplicity than dazzle. It is, above all else,
about communication.”

Poor data visualization leads to user frustration, misuse, abuse,
distrust, and ultimately, abandonment. Great data analysis, through
highly intuitive data visualizations, leads to satisfied, active and
informed users, and remarkable ROI.